Dominating the stock market crash of 1929 summary
This essay covers a great deal of important ground. Even though organizations have done all sorts of evangelizing, the use of the media and social networks of the day for that purpose is relatively recent. Alex Carey in his book Taking the Risk Out of Democracy dates it to the early s. One early, successful campaign led by the National Association of Manufacturers, already a leader in campaigning against organized labor, was to counter the backlash against immigration, which was then seen as a threat to American values and communities.
The Creel Committee, an agency of the Federal government officially called the Committee on Public Information used all the communication vehicles of its day, not just newspapers.
An overview from Wikipedia:. The committee used newsprint, posters, radio, telegraph, cable and movies to broadcast its message. They covered the draft, rationing, war bond drives, victory gardens and why America was fighting. It was estimated that by the end of the war, they had made more than 7.
The CPI staged events designed for specific ethnic groups. For instance, Irish-American tenor John McCormack sang at Mount Vernon before an audience representing Irish-American organizations.
The Committee also targeted the American worker and, endorsed by Samuel Gompers, filled factories and offices with posters designed to promote the critical role of American labor in the success of the war effort. Every item of war news they saw—in the country weekly, in magazines, or in the city daily picked up occasionally in the general store—was not merely officially approved information but precisely the same kind that millions of their fellow citizens were getting at the same moment.
The Creel Committee was able to turn America from being firmly pacifist to being eager to fight the evil Germans in a mere 18 months. In Serbia, a concerted propaganda campaign was able to turn public polls radically in a mere six weeks. This may seem obvious but surprisingly few people are willing to say that in simple terms. The reflex of government opinion managers and their media allies is to shut down or delegitimate offending outlets. But there are too many, not just in the US but overseas, for them to do that other than by severely curtailing Internet publication.
Are they prepared to go the route of the Chinese government in terms of restricting foreign access and censoring domestic writers? She writes as emptywheel at her eponymous blog, publishes at outlets including the Guardian, Salon, and the Progressive, and appears frequently on television and radio. She is the author of Anatomy of Deceit, a primer on the CIA leak investigation, and liveblogged the Scooter Libby trial.
Originally published at emptywheel. It excluded most women and people of color and often excluded working class people.
In that sense, the golden age of objective news depended on a great deal of limits to the marketplace of ideas, largely chosen by the gatekeeping function of white male elitism. But several things have disrupted what we fetishize as news since them.
Importantly, news outlets started demanding major profits, which changed both the emphasis on reporting and the measure of success. Cable news, starting especially with Fox but definitely extending to MSNBC, aspired to achieve buzz, and even explicitly political outcomes, bringing US news much closer to what a lot of advanced democracies have — politicized news. Since then, of course, the underlying market has continued to change.
Optimistically, new outlets have arisen. That comes with the good and the bad. It permits the formulation of broader networks; it permits crisis on the other side of the globe to become news over here, in some but not all spaces, it permits women and people of color to engage on an equal footing with people previously deemed the elite though very urgent digital divide issues still leave billions outside this discussion.
It allows our spooks to access information that Russia needs to hack to get with a few clicks of a button. Even assuming net neutrality, most existing discourse exists in that marketplace. That reality has negative effects on everything, from financially strapped reporter-and-editor outlets increasingly chasing clicks to Macedonian teenagers inventing stories to make money to attention spans that no longer get trained for long reads and critical thinking.
As many of you know, a big part of my dissertation covered actual fiction in newspapers. After andthe literary establishment put out alarmed calls to discipline the literary sphere, which led to changes that made such narratives less accessible to the kind of people who might overthrow a king.
Not all, and not all care. Not that that has ever stopped people from letting religion — a largely fictional narrative — dictate political decisions. So to sum up this part of my argument: First, the history of journalism is about the history of certain market conditions, conditions which always get at least influenced by the state, but which in so-called capitalist countries also tend to produce bottle necks of power. In the 50s, it was the elite. The bottle-neck of power for much of the world is Silicon Valley.
To understand what dictates the kinds of stories you get from a particular media environment, you need to understand where the bottle-necks are. Plus, not-true stories, of a variety of types, can often have a more powerful influence than true ones think about how much our national security state likes series like Humans are wired for narrative, not for true or false narrative.
These people suggest the advent of deliberately false narratives, produced both by partisans, entrepreneurs gaming ad networks, as well as state actors trying to influence our politics, narratives that feed on human proclivity for sensationalism though stories from this year showed Trump supporters had more of this than Hillary supporters served via the Internet, are a new and unique threat, and possibly the biggest threat in our media environment right now.
Let me make clear: I think it is especially concerning because powers of the far right are using it to great effect. But I think pretending this is a unique moment in history — aside from the characteristics of the marketplace — obscures the areas aside from funding basic education and otherwise fostering critical thinking that can most effectively combat it. I especially encourage doing what we can to disrupt the bottle-neck — one that happens to be in Silicon Valley — that plays on human nature.
Google, Facebook, and Germany have all taken initial steps which may limit the toxins that get spread via a very American bottle-neck. Trump claims to have used it to drive down turnout; and the first he worked with is part of a larger information management company. The far right is probably achieving more with these tailored messages than Vladimir Putin is with his paid trolls. But it had more impact because more people saw it and people may retain news delivered as news more.
It remains a cinch to manipulate the reporter-and-editor news process particularly in an era driven by clicks and sensationalism and scoopsand that is at least as major a threat to democracy as non-elites consuming made up stories about the Pope. Much stock reporting, especially in the age of financialization, is just made up hocus pocus designed to keep the schlubs whom the elite profit off of in the market.
And much reporting on our secret foreign policy deliberately reports stuff the reporter knows not to be true. Frankly, even aside from the more famous failures, a lot of Russian coverage obscures reality, which discredits reports on what is a serious issue. It is always limited by the scarcity of outlets and bandwidth, by laws, by media ownership patterns, and by the historically contingent bottle-necks that dictate what kind of news may be delivered most profitably.
It has led to increased authoritarianism, decreased qualify of life in developed countries but not parts of Africa and other developing nationsand it has led to serial destabilizing wars along with the refugee crises that further destabilize Europe. But our media environment is likely to be contested until such time as a viable ideology forms to replace failed neoliberalism.
Confirm it for yourself. Never-the-less he is rewarded a win. Also, a link which I can only guess details spammers who spam and then offer a solution to their spamming. I view the Main Stream Media as merely, Shopping Channels. They will sell you anything that their advertisers pay for. A FOREIGN WAR, a new pillow, a powerful vacuum cleaner, a CIVIL WAR, six-pack abdominals, or miracle pimple cream. If someone pays them, they will push it.
Its wrong to put all this down to internet news however. Just like in s Soviet Union where the stories of Russian greatness were so obviously contradicted by the experience of ordinary Russians of a failing state, the fakery of the war on terror propaganda has worn away our trust in the Mighty Wurlitzer. Curtis linked the cultural collapse of the Soviet Union intrinsically to the failure of the war in Afghanistan and the mirror it held up to the supposed values of Soviet Society, as trumpeted by their version of the Mighty Wurlitzer.
All three stemmed from failures of the Mighty Wurlitzer. The big question is whether we will long for it back. One for Curtis hardcore fans only he really stretched his already tenuous hold on the conventions of documentary making in this one but his latest, HyperNormalisationtakes the themes you refer to in your comment above and expands on them to explain how we got to Fake News. To go a little farther back, this book Infamous Scribblers about what passed as journalism back in the 18th century is a good read.
Dad still goes to company reunions. Those weirdos liked their jobs. Of course, the longer trend is business formation related. The Internet and social media booms how to make money teaching maths over, and those were the new IPOs of the last 20 years.
The ends of growth are the real issues. Illuminating to see things with new eyes….
And they were proud of their products, which back then were made from chicle, a natural, sort of sustainable base gum, https: This is such a lovely comment, and says so much about a time when business was a way to develop prosperous, solid, long term forex options expiry calendar, rather than being used as a social cudgel [see also: I think often along the same lines. I even have spent most of my working career working with Wrigley and Radio Flyer in prototype and marketing capacity, and the executives and owners I have personally met are good dedicated people.
Everyone is diligently working away propagating existing products and trying to engage their creative minds to expand the business into new markets. They are concerned about their Brand and making their business a success. For me, it has been a successful, 30 year relationship.
But this is really the insidious dilemma we are all facing. The best intentions leading to negative outcomes. I have an inkling that the butterfly wing force you allude too centers around humility.
With humility comes the ability to express unselfish love. The real how do you get money in nintendogs 3ds work is to tame human ambition- to know when to say enough is enough.
One of the things that makes corporations so insidious is that they live forever. What if they were required to dissolve completely after 50 or years? How to make money selling seedlings, I think corporations should be banned.
Those of us of a certain age remember a time when there were far more newspapers than today, when ownership was spread much more widely, and where newspapers had a lot more staff and were under a lot less commercial pressure than is the case now. You could, and did, allow ichimoku kinko hyo forex political bias, and it was possible, though not common, for blatant untruths to be published.
But that was more difficult than it is today, because the barriers to entry were much higher, and the total media space was much smaller. I also think its unfair to blame the problem solely on the effects of neoliberalism, damaging as those have been.
Journalists themselves have to bear some of the blame.
In each case, the argument is the same: I suspect he has confused Kosovo with Bosnia. This continued until at least the late 90s, and I was one of those who had to deal with the practical consequences. And governments, not being stupid, have realised that they can manipulate journalists and NGOs with human rights rhetoric into supporting almost any initiative no matter how cynical. Kosovo was perhaps the first example where the media allowed itself to be shamelessly manipulated in this fashion, and I suppose Libya is the currently topical one.
I do wish people would stop giving presents to the Right. I think you have put your finger on it. He said that the only thing journalists have to sell is their credibility. However it subsequently turned out that they had plenty of other things to sell such as infotainment. At the tail end of the Cronkite era the movie Network predicted this quite well.
Still whatever his failings I believe we can look back with some fractals indicator forex at Cronkite and his notions of integrity. Lots of people still read the news because they want the truth rather than escapism.
The current MSM has plenty dominating the stock market crash of 1929 summary self-importance—integrity not so much. And now we got Roland Hedley, https: I think Trudeau has too much of his old man in noida forex exchange, and has lost his voice and wisdom in a flare of Hillaritis… Maybe some steroids would suppress the inflammation….
Cronkite was a man of his times. I think the more important point is that he did value his integrity. However, he operated in an environment when CBS was making put option interest rate futures contracts of money, and people were generally home by 6: Perhaps 50 years ago it was easier to identify fake news or as it was called back then propaganda.
And back then the issue was that unless you lived near the Canadian border you got only the big three version of the forex ea generator 4.1 + patch, Near the border you could get Canadian news. It appeared that there were two wars in Vietnam at the time one reported by US news and one by the Canadian news.
Of course unless one had a shortwave radio one could not get the BBC, while Radio Moscow was easy to receive on shortwave. In Mi at least Radio Peking was hard to receive however. But back then we had the grocery store news rags and one learned quickly to consider the source when getting news. Or, at least in the better Media Studies and J-School programs. In the US the current business model of stock market picker software internet news is actually a greater danger to democracy and that is the automated binning of consumers into narrow categories right, left, techie etc from which they find it hard to stray, if they even think of it, and so it makes it hard for a reader to see in his newsfeed countervailing news or analysis, people thus get polarized.
This trap has to be broken. Quality education of the population and freer access to information are greater defenses of democracy and freedom the any Facebook designed filter.
Makes me think there is some bedrock reality beneath all the noise that keeps us rational enough to survive.
All forms of life display good judgment; practicality. Sheep get slaughtered … I choose not to be a sheep.
I had no choice in the money haffi make lyrics, when I had three oligopoly networks to choose from. With the Internet, I am my own reporter. This is more like how the printing press destroyed the Catholic Church. Facts are few and far between, but they are just signposts on my own superhighway which I build myself.
Are my beliefs factual? Are they for anyone? That was a rhetorical question. People who think their beliefs are The Truth are maniacs. As I pointed out even in the s one could buy a shortwave radio and get the BBC and Radio Canada International, for a different slant on news than the US media. It might have cost 50 to 60 to get such a radio back then but if you wanted a different view you could get it.
It was just harder to get non us sources of news back then. The media tried to coronate Clinton. With falling advertising revenues in some cases, and decreasing trust in the mainstream media, they have begun to panic. They know that the people realize that they are the Pravda of plutocracy. At the same time, the alternative media has grown with the Internet. It has reached growing members and allowed people to see the truth. Counterpunch had a good article on this one: The other of course is to force people to comply or face professional and financial consequences.
Inequality has reached an extent that the myth that America is a meritocracy has failed, while efforts to force the American people to accept war have been faced with opposition. One more point I should repeat. Perhaps a blatant example: Fox News has been making fake news for years and yet nobody called it out. Fox News has been the leader in opinion disguised as news. Fox rightly concluded that people do not want the truth, they want their biases confirmed and if you can confirm biases in a way that makes someone feel superior, you can sell a lot of advertising.
You cannot fix stupid, nor can you fix people wanting their biases confirmed by any means possible true or not. But if you go back to the early 19th century fake news was no margin call optionsxpress that was to be had. Newspapers were owned by political parties and reported as they desired. This changed when the cost to enter the newspaper business went up with the steam powered press.
Then you had a restricted set of tv stations. The newspapers established the UPI and AP to share their view of the news anzac day trading hours 2016 queensland 2016. With the rise of cable and the internet the barriers to entry in the news business have been lowered to the level of the early 19th century at least.
To give a concrete example a bit later in the 19th century in towns in Indiana at least there were papers that were known as republican or democrat. Back then you took the paper that confirmed your political biases. I was in a library that had some old bound Life Magazines and decided to see what the Life covered just prior to the December 7, attack on Pearl Harbor. There was an article about a Midwest congressmen who was visiting his district, who knew his constituents did not want to go to war, but seemed to see the US entry into war likely.
Even Hollywood got into the act, as the Sergeant York American WWI hero movie was released on July 2,well before Pearl Harbor. President Bush has convinced me that there is no philosophical reason we should not overthrow the Iraqi government, given that Iraqis themselves would be better off, along with the rest of the world.
Bush has not overcome some practical concerns about an invasion. I believe it was Chomsky who said that the print media has content and filler, the content is the advertising and the filler is everything else.
The Stock Market Crash of 1929 - Causes and EffectsIf there is a feedback loop in the mainstream media, it is very slow and does not correct errors to result in lasting reform. But then externalities get counted toward the WDP World Domestic Productright?
Now I understand that the language used by an oppressive system can itself be oppressive. But without objectivity, we would never have seen the civil rights movement or the rise of feminism in the sixties.
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It was not until politically active women began to share their experiences in consciousness raising groups that they discovered that they were not alone in their experiences… i. That is, these were not personal problems at all, they were socially constructed problems that effected all women to some degree. Without objectivity there could be no oppression theory, consciousness raising groups are transformed into support groups, oppression theory becomes psychology, and the oppression of women is dissolved into nothing more than the personal problems of individual women.
And for all that, women still face vast health cruelties in over half the states in this great land, and the ladies of high credentials go to the workout spas and get their toenails trimmed and painted, and in the room they come and go, talking of Michelangelo and the best new restaurants… While their sisters are screwed out of medical services.
Why not all get together on the big issues?
The state and capitalism today – International Socialism
Propaganda, as Yves points out, is the point to be stressed. That is the same motivation of many media owners and journalists, ethics be damned, and it inevitably leads to conflict. This is my take-away: Agree that we are in a process of changes larger than any of us can really grasp.
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I doubt propaganda convinced many Americans of Irish or German descent to support the war. Merely a prelude to the Red Scare and the repression that would follow.
Look for American Protective League. Wikipedia refers to vigilantees. Please, please write English! Even good commentary can be harmed by bad writing.
You want people to think about the content of what you say, not how you said it. The antidote, singular, is, singular, to fix… The adjectival prepositional phrase is irrelevant to the number of the verb. One of the quirks of the English language is the requirement that English verbs must show a number either one or more than one, known in grammarian circles as singular or plural.
Now this number refers to the number associated with the word that is directly linked to the verb. Remember, students, the verb has other word s linked to it, the purpose of which is to show who or what does the action of the verb. Ok, so what are those words? But which word here is the true subject: And they are right. So, due to the quirks of English verbs and nouns, literate English speaking people consider it proper to say:. That plays out every day in financial markets and algorithms for stock trading based on news and fake news — but the real casualty is science.
People with no knowledge of science or medicine for that matter can flood the available news with so much nonsense that scientific consensus becomes public debate based on whatever feels good and matches ideology.
Let me quote Jalen here conversation starts at Now the media just wants it first. I Must Break A Story. The game has changed. The idea was that content drove the story, people followed the news which followed the event.
But now the technique of the story driving the content has been institutionalized at a systemic level.
Not only is the top-down approach cracking, the open source nature of content creation can pop up anywhere, like an information version of a gunman in a nightclub.
Spiderman did it and no one complains about that. And the smart people will know who to read, the new words from the innovative sources to construct the social narrative necessary to maintain credibility beyond credentials. It is clear from the delightfully well-informed reader comments above mine that there is little need for me to point out that any summary of official and gray-area state propaganda in the U.
I took an interest in the nexus between government contracts and the creation of entire academic disciplines such as Area Studies and Communication Studiespursuing independently and often in collaboration with others writing and producing works that dovetail nicely with what another reader comment brilliantly links to the BBC archive narrative docs and film collages of Adam Curtis.
We produced recorded and re-broadcast Town Hall meetings, panel discussions and various public forums studying and attempting to popularize inter-disciplinary ongoing analysis and discussion of state and market systems of indoctrination and propaganda. Usually for pledge break fundraising purposes offered as premiums on listener-supported radio like the Pacifica Radio network and KBOO in Portland, Ore along with some more adventurous college broadcasters. Robert McChesney and his partner in the study of early U.
One additional and largely overlooked contribution to what we know about government contracting on university campuses pursuing objectives that could now in international law qualify as crimes against humanity is the first-person narrative of former Canadian diplomat and U.
Supreme Court despite his lack of judicial experience. Entrepreneurial educators laboring on academic contracts for the U. National Security State and its various agencies dating back decades to the Dulles Brothers own Regime Change On Demand administrations and Daddy Warbucks-style geo-politicking.
Obviously I did not live in the era of yellow journalism, but I tend to think that we were better off with cities that had four or five yellow journalistic rags than a city with one objective newspaper or a nation or world with dozens of objective media sites all putting out the same, safe audience tested, investor tested nonsense.
Well, knowing their biases, I can correct for them to a much greater extent. If Mick Lasalle reviews a movie and dislikes it, if Gene Siskel reviewed a movie and disliked it, I knew I would like that movie. I can trust their reviews. The two have integrity, and are precise, and are precisely wrong, and I know how and in which ways and how to adjust their statements to make them accurate and reflect reality. Because I a 50something found the blatancy of the MSM lying and propagandizing this time around to be quite unprecedented.
First they alternately ignored and smeared Bernie in order to help the corrupt Dem establishment rig the primary process, then they turned their full-time smear machine on Trump. Nonetheless, they and their narrative providers in the Deep State are still busily at it, trying very hard to deligitimize and bully the incoming administration. Again, none of these are phenomena without precedent, but I find the unabashedness of the effort, and the zeal of the MSM and the defeated Dem partisans to abet what is nothing short of an attempt at a soft coup, without precedent.
Because the narrative the insiders are trying to foist on us this time around has motives that could not be more undemocratic. Thank you, very interesting. Another great writer — glad to see him linked here. Her reporting helped to open my eyes to how the MSM operates. Fearless commentary on finance, economics, politics and power Follow yvessmith on Twitter Feedburner RSS Feed RSS Feed for Comments Subscribe via Email SUBSCRIBE.
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